An Analysis of Two Ancient Precious Gems Cultural Relics
-
摘要: 为了科学辨别易混淆文物的材质, 以蓝绿色和蓝紫色宝玉石文物为例, 利用外束质子激发X射线荧光、便携式能量色散X射线荧光、激光拉曼光谱和X射线衍射分析等现代无损科技手段, 从安徽蚌埠双墩一号春秋墓、河南洛阳烧沟东汉墓和新疆和田皮山古城唐代墓葬中甄别与鉴定出被误认为是绿松石和琉璃(玻璃)器的天河石串珠和青金石耳珰及青金石管饰。简要阐述了这两种彩色宝玉石的矿物学特征及应用历史。这三件彩色宝玉石文物的发现, 丰富了中国宝玉石史的研究内容, 拓宽了对我国古代先民开采、引进及应用宝玉石的认识。Abstract: For the purpose of distinguishing the materials of confusable cultural relics scientifically, take the case of glaucous and ianthinus gems cultural relics, the amazonite bead, lapis lazuli earring and tube, erroneously assumed to be turquoise and coloured glaze, were respectively discriminated and identified from Shuangdun No.1 Tomb of Spring and Autumn Period in Bengbu, Anhui Province, Eastern Han Tomb in Shaogou, Luoyang, Henan Province, and Tang Tomb in Pishan Ancient City, Hetian, Xinjiang by using the modern nondestructive analytical methods, such as external beam proton induced X-ray emission(PIXE), portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence(PXRF), laser Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.Meanwhile, the mineralogical characteristics and application history of the two gems are also briefly described.The discovery of the three ancient gems cultural relics enriches the research contents of Chinese gems history, and broadens our understanding of our ancestors'mining, importing and using of gems.
-
Keywords:
- precious gem /
- cultural relic /
- amazonite /
- lapis lazuli
-
-
[1] 刘松,李青会,干福熹,等.便携式能量色散型X射线荧光光谱仪在中国古代玻璃化学成分分析中的应用[J].光谱学与光谱分析.2010, 30(9):2 576-2 580. [2] 中国社会科学院考古研究所.洛阳烧沟汉墓[M].北京:科学出版社, 1959.240. [3] 潘兆橹.结晶学及矿物学(上册)[M].北京:地质出版社, 1998.176-179. [4] 樊行昭,游益彬.山西交城西榆皮天河石呈色机理的研究[J].太原理工大学学报, 2004, 35(1):89-91. [5] 罗曼诺维奇H Q (前苏联).非金属矿床学[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社, 1985.132-137. [6] 伏修峰,干福熹,马波,等.青金石产地探源[J].自然科学史研究, 2006, 25(3):246-254. [7] 王进玉,冯良波.群青颜料呈色机理的电子顺磁共振研究[J].分析化学, 1994, 22(10):1 012-1 015. [8] 闻广.中国大陆史前古玉若干特征[A].邓聪.东亚玉器(中册)[C].香港:中国考古艺术研究中心出版, 1998.217. [9] 闻广.中国古玉地质考古学研究的续进展[J].故宫学术季刊, 1993,(1):9-30. [10] Sadig, Azhari Mustafa.The neolithic of the middle nile region:An archeology of central Sudan and Nubia[M].Rochester:Fountain Publishers, 2010.207-208.
[11] Harrell J A, Osman A F.Ancient amazonite quarries in the Eastern Desert[J].Egyptian Archaeology, 2007, 30:26-28.
[12] George Rapp.Archaeomineralogy[M].Berlin:Springer-Verlag, 2009.104.
[13] 蒋良俊.矿物学(上册)[M].北京:冶金出版社, 1960.86. [14] 罗谷风,赵明,葛小月,等.青金石中的结构有序化和调制及其与光性异常间的关系[J].高校地质学报, 2000, 6(2):132. [15] 王进玉.中国古代青金石的应用[J].中国宝石, 1993,(4):65-68. [16] 南京博物院.徐州土山东汉墓清理简报[J].文博通讯, 1977,(15):20. [17] 石家庄地区革命委员会文化局文物发掘组.河北赞皇李希宗墓[J].考古, 1977,(6):388. [18] 宁夏回族自治区博物馆,宁夏固原博物馆.宁夏固原北周李贤夫妇墓发掘简报[J].文物, 1985,(11):12. [19] 中国社会科学院考古研究所.唐长安城郊隋唐墓[M].北京:文物出版社, 1980.16-17. [20] 干福熹.玻璃和玉石之路[J].广西民族大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 15(4):12.
计量
- 文章访问数: 120
- HTML全文浏览量: 51
- PDF下载量: 22
下载:
