MINERALOGY AND GEMMOLOGY OF SHOUSHAN STONE
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摘要: 寿山石是产于福建省的著名宝石，有100多个品种。应用X射线衍射、红外光谱等方法对50多个样品详细研究表明，根据寿山石的密度，可分为3个类型：第一类，密度为2.57～2.67g／cm3，以地开石为主要成分；第二类，密度为2.71～2.79g／cm3，以含伊利石为主；第三类，密度为2.81～2.87g／cm3,矿物组成为叶蜡石。因此，可以通过测定密度来判断寿山石的矿物组成。不同品种寿山石的矿物组成有所不同。高山石、都成坑石、坑头石等主要由地开石组成。月尾石和芙蓉石的主要矿物成分为叶蜡石。善伯洞石和旗降石以含高岭石为特征。田黄石的矿物组成较为复杂，分别见有以地开石、珍珠陶石或伊利石为主。由黄石矿物组成的另一个重要特征是普遍存在微量的伊利石。这可能与田黄石形成过程中的水流作用有关。Abstract: Shoushan Stone is a famous gemstone in Fujian and has more than 100 varieties. Over 50 samples of Shoushan Stone have been studied using XRD and IR. Shoushan Stone can be divided into three groups based upon the density. The first group has density of 2.57~2.67 g/cm3, consisting mainly of dickite; The second has density of 2. 71~2. 79 g/cm3, containing illite; The third has density of 2.81~2.87 g/cm3, with pyrophyllite as its major mineral. Therefore, it is possible to determine their mineral constituent on basis of their densities. There are differences in the mineral constituent between the varieties of Shoushan Stone. Gaoshan Stone, Duchengkeng Stone and Kengtou Stone are composed of dickite, Yuewei Stone and Furong Stone consist of pyrophyllite. Shanbodong and Qijiang Stones contain kaolinite. Tianhuang Stone, the best variety among Shoushan Stone, is complex in their mineral constituent, and dickite, nacrite or illite have been found as the major mineral. Most of samples of Tianhuang Stone have ilite as a minor mineral, which seems to be an important feature of Tianhuang Stone and is probably related to hydration during its formation.
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Keywords:
- pyrophyllite /
- kaolinite /
- nacrite /
- Shoushan Stone /
- Fujian Province
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