Exploration on the Origin of Some Serpentine Jade Based on Non-Destructive and Micro-Destructive Test
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摘要:
我国蛇纹石玉最早的使用历史可以追溯至旧石器时代晚期辽宁海城小孤山仙人洞遗址(距今30 000~20 000年),在中国古代文明演化进程中扮演过重要角色[1]。为了更好地了解古代玉石的开采和贸易情况,国内外众多学者利用地球化学手段探索出土古玉与已知现代玉矿玉料之间的联系[2-4]。但由于蛇纹石玉的产地众多,产地标型特征不明显,出土蛇纹石玉的来源判别仍然存在较大的瓶颈。为了能为古代出土蛇纹石玉的产地判别提供参考,本文尝试利用无损及微损测试方法获得了几个产地蛇纹石玉样品的主量元素和微量元素,并开展了部分样品的产地判别探索。本文主要选取以下几个具有重要意义的蛇纹石玉产地进行资料收集及样品测试:(1)辽宁岫岩。从时间和空间上,岫岩玉为我国利用最早、范围最广且历史延续最长的玉材,在我国玉文化历史上有着不可替代的地位[1]。利用p-XRF和LA-ICP-MS对以上产地的蛇纹石玉料进行测试,结合收集到的相关数据进行分析,结果显示,富镁碳酸盐岩型的蓝田玉与岫岩玉可以利用MgO-TFe2O3图、Co-Ni图进行区分; 超基性岩变质交代成因的甘肃武山、山东泰安以及山东仰口的蛇纹石玉则可依据MgO-TFe2O3分类图结合微量元素Co-V和Co-Ni图进行区分。甘肃武山“鸳鸯玉”的化学成分富Mg高Fe, 高Cr低Ni;相对而言,山东泰安“泰山玉”的化学成分总体上与绿岩带超基性岩一致,具有富Mg低Fe,贫Al、Ti、低碱和w(Na2O)≥w(K2O),以及高Ni低Cr的特点; 山东仰口“仰口玉”的主量元素SiO2和MgO变化明显,高Al和Ti,具有造山橄榄岩的特点。结果表明,借助无损p-XRF技术,再结合微损的LA-ICP-MS分析技术,在一定范围内可以对蛇纹石玉的产地进行判别。
Abstract:The serpentine jade has played an important role in the evolution of ancient civilization in China. In this paper, based on non-destructive and micro-destructive tests with p-XRF and LA-ICP-MS, we attempt to explore the origins of some serpentine jades from Xiuyan, Liaoning Province; Lantian, Shanxi Province; Tai'an and Yangkou, Shandong Province; and Wushan, Gansu Province. The results showed that the MgO-TFe2O3 diagram, as well as the Co-Ni and Co-V relationships, could distinguish the serpentine jade from the five origins mentioned above, which confirm that non-destructive p-XRF technology, combined with micro destructive test LA-ICP-MS, could be used to determine the origins of serpentine jade within a certain range.
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Keywords:
- serpentine jade /
- origin distinguish /
- geochemical /
- classification system /
- p-XRF /
- LA-ICP-MS
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