Abstract: Alluvial diamonds from Hunan Province, one of China's key diamond-producing regions, remain insufficiently summarized in terms of systematic research. This study synthesizes the composition and structural characteristics of alluvial diamonds from Hunan Province.The researches indicate that diamonds from Hunan Province are mainly ⅠaAB type, with relatively high proportions of Ⅰb and Ⅱa types. The distribution of nitrogen content and the degree of nitrogen aggregation exhibit significant heterogeneity. Crystal surfaces exhibit diverse patterns and colours, accompanied by significant variations in morphology, including curved morphologies, indicating a complex environmental history during their ascent to the crust. Internal growth structures vary from simple growth structures, and complex mottled growth structures and "agate-like" structures. The carbon isotopic compositions (δ¹³C) exhibits a broad range, aligning more closely with eclogitic-type diamonds than those from the North China Craton, implying distinct carbon sources and formation mechanisms. Inclusion types include peridotitic and eclogitic suites, while the origin of deep mantle-derived inclusions warrants further investigation. These features collectively indicate that the diamonds from Hunan Province possess multisource origins, multistage evolution, and high complexity. Individual diamonds exhibit unique source-specific signatures, precluding definitive determination of their collective origin traits based on isolated characteristics. Advancing the understanding of provenance of the diamonds from Hunan Province requires systematic extraction of genetic information including impurities, special structures and inclusions from existing samples.