Abstract: In 2002, the Erlitou archaeological team of the Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, carried out a field excavation in the central area of the Erlitou site in Yanshi city, Henan Province. The world-renowned turquoise-inlaid dragon-shaped artifact was unearthed in the aristocratic tomb No.2002V M3. This artifact was immediately moved to the laboratory in the suitable way for cleaning process. After systematic excavation and cleaning work, its original appearance was fully displayed. The total length of the artifact is 70.0 cm, the width of head part is 15.0 cm, and the width of body part is 4.0 cm; It is composed of more than 2 030 pieces of turquoise ornaments. The length of each turquoise ornament is only 0.3-0.4 cm, and the thickness is less than 0.1 cm. According to the appearance of the dragon-shaped artifact, and the combination relationship of the turquoise ornaments and their expression forms, the processed turquoise materials from Dongzigou, Shiyan city, Hubei Province were used to restore and replicate the turquoise-inlaid dragon-shaped artifact.