Abstract: In the 21st century, several major diamond producers are Africa, Australia, Russia and Canada. Among them Africa is the most important producer, including Botswana, South Africa, DR Congo (formerly Zaire), Angola and Namibia. The diamonds may be mainly mined from several important mines, such as Jwaneng mine and Orapa mine in Botstana, and Premier mine, Finsch mine and Venetia mine in South Africa. These mines are expected to produce for more than 20 years. Diamond deposits in Australia are concentrated in the West Australia, and the most important is the Argyle mine. Diamond deposits in Russia are mainly distributed on the Siberian Craton and Russian Craton. Some new deposits may be found due to the application of new prospecting methods. Canada is a new diamond producer, and diamond deposits are concentrated in the Northwest Territories, among which the Ekati mine is the most important now. At present, diamond production from Canada cannot match that from any other major producer, but it will become an important source, with the development in science and technology.