Abstract: The Raman spectra of several kinds of natural and dyed red corals have been researched. It has been found that the red colour of natural corals resulted from a large amounts of characteristic organic materials. The white corals are mainly composed of calcite and a little amounts of organic material. The dyed corals with different red colours have another characteristic organic pigments Raman spectra, which are different from natural ones obviously. Therefore, the measurement of Raman spectrum of red coral provides an efficient and rapid method of identification of coral.