Abstract: In recent years, there have been many artificially coloured pearls in the market. Among them, some are dyed pearls, a few are irradiated pearls, and some even labeled “pearls coloured using laser”. Many samples are collected, and also samples are prepared through dying and irradiating treatment experiments. On the basis of systematic research, methods to identify dyed pearls and irradiated pearls in an ordinary gemmology lab are proposed in the paper.