Abstract: The excavated stones from Shoushan known as Lianjianghuang stone and Shanzilai stone have sparked substantial curiosity due to their aesthetic resemblances to the illite Tianhuang stone. The mineral components and trace element characteristics of these stones were studied using microscope, X-ray powder diffractometer, microscopic laser Raman spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and laser denudation plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS). The results indicate that illite is the predominant mineral in the Lianjianghuang stone, Shanzilai stone, and illite Tianhuang. The minor minerals' peculiarities are what set them apart from one another. Hematite and monazite are the minor minerals in Lianjianghuang stone; hematite, monazite, barite, anatase, barium, corundum, and quartz are the minor minerals in Shanzilai stone; and amorphous carbon and hematite are the minor minerals in illite Tianhuang. Ga-Sn and Ga-Ge have better differentiation of two sets of two-dimensional projection plots, and Ga-Ge-Sn and Sc-Cs-Ge have more direct and effective three-dimensional projection plots. The discriminant analysis approach achieves 97.7% classification accuracy for the three types of Shoushan stones, and the separation degree of the group centroid is good, indicating that the model's classification ability is good and dependable. But the model still needs more sample data for further optimization.