Mineralogical Characteristic of Hard Substrate Chicken-Blood Stone from Changhua and Its Similar Varieties
-
摘要: 针对市场上出现的一些真“血”假“地”鸡血石的相似品种对其进行了测试分析，选取昌化硬地鸡血石及其四个相似品种(分别产自西安、贵州、青海、四川的“鸡血石”)作为研究对象，利用偏光显微镜、X射线粉末衍射、电子探针等方法对其主要矿物组成及特征、化学成分进行测试，研究鸡血石及其相似品种的矿物学特征差异。结果显示，昌化硬地鸡血石及相似品种主要存在4点差异：(1)矿物组合差异。除辰砂、石英外，昌化硬地鸡血石可见伊利石、地开石、一水铝石，而相似品种可见金属硫化物、重晶石和白云石，其中青海“鸡血石”中辰砂具有两期成矿的特征；(2)“血”的分布差异。昌化硬地鸡血石中“血”为团块状和斑点状分布，而相似品种中“血”可见网脉状、浸染状分布、蛛网状分布和粒状结构特征；(3)辰砂晶格常数差异。昌化硬地鸡血石及其相似品种中辰砂均满足三方晶系结构特征，但昌化硬地鸡血石具有较大的a轴长度和较小的c轴长度；(4)“血”的元素种类差异。昌化硬地鸡血石中的“血”不含Cu，青海和四川“鸡血石”中不含Sb。Abstract: To better identify the mineralogical characteristics between the hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties, samples obtained from the market with real "blood" and fake "substrate" were deeply studied. In this study, hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties (named as Xi'an, Guizhou, Qinghai and Sichuan "chicken-blood stone") were collected. In order to study the mineralogical differences such as the main mineral components, mineral assemblage characteristics, and chemical compositions between hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties, polarizing microscope, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microscope analysis (EPMA) were employed. In the studied samples, there are four different characteristics between hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties: (1) Mineral assemblage characteristics. Besides cinnabar and quartz, the hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua contains illite, dickite, diaspore and pyrite, while its similar varieties contain metal sulfide, barite and dolomite. The cinnabar in Qinghai "chicken-blood stone" occurs as obvious two-stage mineralization; (2)"Blood" distribution. The cinnabar is massive and occurs as spotted distribution in hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua while its similar varieties present reticular, disseminated, cobweb and granular distribution characteristics; (3)The cell parameters of cinnabar. The cinnabar of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties meet the structural characteristics of tripartite system, but the cinnabar in the hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua has parameters of a larger a-axis length and a shorter c-axis length, comparing to the cinnabar in the other samples; (4)Elemental composition of the "blood". There is no Cu in the "blood" of the hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and no Sb in the cinnabar of the Qinghai and Sichuan "chicken-blood stone". Combined with microscopic features, the Hg in the Guizhou, Qinghai, and Sichuan "chicken-blood stone" are likely replaced by a small amount of Fe, Ni, Cu and other elements. And the cinnabar in Qinghai "chicken-blood stone" occurs as obvious two-stage mineralization.
-
Keywords:
- chicken-blood stone /
- similar variety /
- mineralogical characteristic /
- cinnabar /
- element content /
- Changhua
-
![]()
图 1 危地马拉绿色翡翠(“玛雅绿”)代表性样品Figure 1. Representative Feicui samples from Guatemala ("Maya green")![]()
图 2 代表性翡翠样品的红外反射光谱Figure 2. Infrared reflection spectra of representative green Feicui samples -
![]()
图 1 昌化硬地鸡血石及其相似品种样品
a.四川“鸡血石”样品SC-2；b-c.西安“鸡血石”样品XA-2、XA-1；d-e.昌化硬地鸡血石样品C-05、C-07；f.青海“鸡血石”样品QH-1；g.贵州“鸡血石”样品GZ-4
Figure 1. Samples of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties
![]()
图 2 昌化硬地鸡血石的显微特征
a.昌化硬地鸡血石的结构特征，+；b.昌化硬地鸡血石中的自形石英(Qtz)，+；c.硅化蚀变现象，+；d.星点状分布的黄铁矿(Py)，+；e.反射光下斑点状分布的辰砂(Cin)；f.反射光下团块状分布的辰砂
Figure 2. Microscopic characteristics of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua
![]()
图 3 西安“鸡血石”的显微特征
a.他形粒状石英(Qtz)，+；b.对称消光的白云石(Dol)，+；c.白色辉锑矿(Stb)，+；d.黄铁矿(Py)及其分布状态，+；e.反射光下网脉状分布的辰砂(Cin)；f.反射光下片状及团块状分布的辰砂
Figure 3. Microscopic characteristics of Xi'an "chicken-blood stone"
![]()
图 4 贵州“鸡血石”的显微特征
a.揉皱变形现象，+；b.不同期次石英脉(Qtz)相互穿切，+；c.辉锑矿(Stb)与辰砂(Cin)共结边，+；d.黄铁矿(Py)呈脉状穿插辰砂，+；e.反射光下辰砂以浸染状分布；f.反射光下团块状分布的辰砂
Figure 4. Microscopic characteristics of Guizhou "chicken-blood stone"
![]()
图 5 青海“鸡血石”的显微特征
a.蚀变现象，+；b.石英的两期成矿，+；c.辰砂脉被石英脉穿切，+；d.星点状黄铁矿，+；e.反射光下蛛网状分布的辰砂和辰砂的两期成矿；f.反射光下团块状分布的辰砂
Figure 5. Microscopic characteristics of Qinghai "chicken-blood stone"
![]()
图 6 四川“鸡血石”的显微特征
a.他形粒状石英，+；b.矿物蚀变现象，+；c.半自形白云石，+；d.辰砂颗粒，+；e.反射光下团块状辰砂；f.反射光下脉状辰砂
Figure 6. Microscopic characteristics of Sichuan "chicken-blood stone"
![]()
图 7 昌化硬地鸡血石与相似品种的X射线粉末衍射
Figure 7. X-ray diffraction patterns of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties
![]()
图 8 西安“鸡血石”能谱图
a.辰砂能谱图及打点位置；b.重晶石能谱图及打点位置
Figure 8. Energy spectra of Xi'an "chicken-blood stone"
表 1 样品的X射线衍射测试结果
Table 1 X-ray diffraction results of the samples
vol/% 矿物成分 C-05 C-07 GZ-4 QH-1 SC-2 XA-1 XA-2 石英 25 26 42 72 62 42 67 伊利石 3 - - - - - - 地开石 67 67 - - - - - 辰砂 2 7 49 21 38 58 7 一水铝石 3 - - - - - - 辉锑矿 - - 9 - - - - 铁白云石 - - - 7 - - - 白云石 - - - - - - 26 注：数据仅代表本次试验样品测试结果，因不同样品以及同样品不同位置矿物分布不均匀，差异较大，—表示低于检测限。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 昌化硬地鸡血石与其相似品种的晶胞参数
Table 2 Cell parameters of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties
样品号 a c α/(°) γ/(°) vol/3 C-05 4.155 6(±0.009 5) 9.459 6(±0.020 0) 90 120 141.47(±0.31) C-07 4.149 7(±0.007 8) 9.461 1(±0.015 9) 90 120 141.09(±0.25) GZ-4 4.148 6(±0.002 5) 9.470 3(±0.008 9) 90 120 141.16(±0.11) QH-1 4.149 6(±0.003 4) 9.469 2(±0.012 0) 90 120 141.21(±0.15) SC-2 4.145 8(±0.001 4) 9.500 6(±0.004 5) 90 120 141.42(±0.06) XA-1 4.146 7(±0.000 6) 9.489 6(±0.002 2) 90 120 141.31(±0.03) XA-2 4.121 5(±0.002 7) 9.507 5(±0.008 4) 90 120 139.87(±0.11) 注：()内为计算误差范围。
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 昌化硬地鸡血石及其相似品种中“血”的化学元素组成
Table 3 Chemical compositions of "blood" of hard substrate chicken-blood stone from Changhua and its similar varieties
wt/% 样品号 打点位置 Fe Hg Se Cu Ni S Sb Au 总计 C-07 1 0.09 85.70 - - 0.09 12.39 0.02 - 98.28 C-07 2 0.33 85.06 - - 0.06 13.33 - - 98.79 C-07 3 0.03 88.98 - - 0.03 12.61 - - 101.66 C-07 4 0.27 85.78 - - 0.14 13.16 0.03 - 99.38 GZ-4 5 0.32 87.58 - - 0.20 12.38 - - 100.48 GZ-4 6 - 85.11 - 0.03 0.16 13.60 0.02 - 98.92 GZ-4 7 - 84.53 - 0.01 0.19 13.64 - - 98.37 GZ-4 8* 0.21 0.07 0.49 0.01 0.06 29.00 68.90 0.04 98.78 GZ-4 9* - 0.11 0.31 0.10 0.01 28.51 69.12 - 98.15 QH-1 10 - 88.35 - - 0.13 13.34 - - 101.81 QH-1 11 - 85.65 - - 0.01 12.61 - - 98.27 QH-1 12 0.12 85.89 - - 0.15 13.11 - - 99.27 QH-1 13 0.09 88.11 - - 0.22 12.60 - - 101.02 SC-2 14 0.03 86.46 - 0.01 0.19 13.39 - - 100.07 SC-2 15 - 84.88 - - - 13.31 - - 98.18 SC-2 16 - 84.89 - 0.01 0.13 13.27 - - 98.30 XA-1 17 - 88.09 - - 0.18 12.89 0.01 - 101.18 XA-1 18 - 86.38 - 0.06 - 13.18 - - 99.62 XA-1 19 - 84.98 - - 0.13 13.11 0.01 - 98.22 XA-1 20 0.03 84.98 - 0.01 - 13.43 - - 98.45 注：样品GZ-4打点位置8，9为辉锑矿，—表示低于检测限。
下载: 导出CSV
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 398
- HTML全文浏览量: 120
- PDF下载量: 39
