中国祖母绿产业加工、批发环节的发展现状及问题

Analysis on the Development Status and Existing Problem of Manufacture and Wholesale Segments of Emerald Market in China

  • 摘要: 在国内珠宝市场整体疲软的背景下,我国高端祖母绿市场在近二十年的沉寂后骤然兴起。但有关国内外祖母绿商贸市场研究较少,笔者通过长期实践考察、与大量从业人员密切交流及文献研读,对祖母绿的加工批发环节的经营现状进行了梳理,并指出了业内需警惕的主要问题。结果显示,我国祖母绿中游批发市场流通品类较单一:1~5 ct中等-较好品质赞比亚祖母绿是主流货品,1~4 ct较好-顶级品质哥伦比亚祖母绿则稳居高端市场;极品赞比亚祖母绿、新进市场的高品质小颗粒阿富汗和巴基斯坦祖母绿及高品质配石的价格则难以实现,哥伦比亚祖母绿市场份额与国际尚有差距。然而,这并非主要由于我国消费者缺乏购买力和审美品味,而是部分从业人员专业素养不足,难以满足高端需求。国内市场对“净度优化”缺乏正确认知,业内极易因此产生纠纷。从业人员并没有着力于深挖祖母绿文化,引导建立情感认同,不利于市场更深一步拓展。另一方面,随着市场日益火热,国外批发商及交易商纷至沓来,中游竞争洗牌日趋激烈,为扩大经营利润并提高竞争力,我国少数企业向祖母绿加工业进军,但受限于切磨及净度优化技术,我国加工商至今很难做到规模化营利生产。显然,我国祖母绿加工和批发环节尚处于发展的初级阶段。

     

    Abstract: While the whole domestic jewelry market remains fatigued and weak, the emerald market in China, after remaining inactive for nearly 20 years, grows up suddenly and dramatically. However, there are few studies on the emerging emerald commercial market in China. Through long-term field investigation, close communication with a large number of employees, and literature study, the authors have analyzed the status of the manufacture and wholesale segments and pointed out the main problems in domestic industry. According to the results, the circulation categories of emeralds in the middle stream are limited: medium-high quality Zambian emeralds of 1-5 ct have become the mainstreams while good-top quality Colombian emeralds of 1-4 ct stand firmly in the high-end market; but the prices of the best quality Zambian emeralds, the new entrants-small Afghan and Pakistani polished emeralds and the high quality melees, are difficult to be recognized while Colombian emeralds occupy a rather less market share in China than in the international market. However, this is not mainly due to the lack of purchasing power and corresponding aesthetic taste of Chinese consumers, but because of the fact that the professional competence of some Chinese employees is not enough to meet the need of cultivating high-end taste. At the same time, the misunderstanding of "clarity enhancement" easily leads to many disputes between employees in the middle stream. Moreover, employees have not focused on digging deep in the emerald culture and guiding consumers to establish the emotional links, which is not conducive to further expansion of the market. On the other hand, as the market increasing rapidly, foreign wholesalers and dealers come to China continuously and the competition in the middle stream become increasingly fierce. In order to expand profits and improve competitiveness, a small number of enterprises in China march to emerald manufacture market. However, due to the lack of mature processing and enhancement technology, it's still difficult for them to achieve large-scale profit-making production. Obviously, the manufacture and wholesale segments of the emerald industry in China are still in the primary stage.

     

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