Abstract: As the final artistic presentation of current social culture and ideology, modern astronomy has been applied to different degrees under the two branches of jewelry art, commercial jewelry and artistic jewelry. This paper takes the application of modern astronomical subject matter as the breakthrough point, takes commercial jewelry and artistic jewelry as the research object, analyzes the creative elements of the two types of jewelry with examples, extends the new application concept of modern astronomical subject and practices it in personal jewelry works, which will be helpful for the mutual development between jewelry art and modern astronomy in the future.