Abstract: Gobi nephrite as a large variety of the nephrite was few valued.According to the market and trade of Gobi nephrite in recent years, the Gobi nephrite is more and more popular.Therefore,to explore origins and characteristics of the Gobi nephrite, the author researched the Gobi nephrite from Southern Xinjing. Through visit and field investigation, the distribution characteristics of Gobi nephrite origins were summarized in the papers.The origin characteristics of Gobi nephrite were distinguished according to the Gobi nephrite sample collection. Through the observation of natural Gobi nephrite and its imitation, the identification characteristics of natural and imitatied ones were identified. The papers mainly summarized the distribution of Gobi nephrite in the southern Xinjiang, providing guiding technology for future scientific research and prospecting.The origin characteristics of Gobi nephrite and the identification of natural and imitatied Gobi nephrite are proposed to provide practical help for the naked eye identification.