Abstract: Using the polarizing microscope and universal testing machine, the mineralogical characteristics and tensile strength of Xiu Yu and Lantian Yu samples were tested.The results showed that the main mineral of Xiu Yu is serpentine with the scaly structure, and the secondary minerals are talc and amphibole.Most of the minerals are arranged in fiber orientation and the structure is very compact.The main minerals of Lantian Yu are antigorite and massive calcite, and the secondary minerals contain large amounts of pyroxene and olivine grains, and the structure is loose.The differences in the structure, quantity and morphology of the jade leads to difference in mechanical tensile strength.Average tensile strength value of Xiu Yu is 15.09 Mpa，which is much bigger than that of Lantian Yu(9.59 Mpa).And carved with high tensile strength, Xiu Yu has a higher finished product rate.